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| The beginnings of man's residence in Osijek goes back to neolithic times, and the first known inhabitants belong to the Illyrian tribes. Roman emperor Hadrian raised the old settlement of Mursa to a colony with special privileges in AD 331. After that, Mursa had a turbulent history, with a lot of decisive battles that took place here, deciding on the destiny of the whole region. |
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| A city and port on the right bank of the Drava river, 25 km upstream of its confluence into the Danube in eastern Slavonia; elevation 94 m; population 104,761. Economic, traffic and cultural centre of Slavonia. Osijek consists of Gornji Grad (Upper Town), Tvrda, Donji Grad (Lower Town) and Novi Grad (New Town) (19th c.), as well as of Retfala. Major institutions in the city are: the University (established in 1975), the Croatian National Theatre, the Museum of Slavonia (established in 1877), the printing house from 1735, the gymnasium (grammar school) from 1729, the drawing school (19th c.), the Zoological Garden, the Centre for the Promotion of Livestock Breeding, the Institute for Sugar Beet Farming, etc. Osijek is a powerful industrial centre: matches factory (established in 1856), foodstuffs (mills, sugar processing plant, brewery), chemical (Saponia), textile, wood and timber, metal-processing (agricultural machinery) industries; production of footwear, synthetic material, metal furniture, silk, brushes; printing industry. Economy is based on farming (grains, industrial plants), livestock breeding and fishing. |
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